Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Le strata de ozono


(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)


Nostre sol non produce solmente luce e calor ma anque formas de radiation que es damnificante pro le vita de nostre planeta. Gratias al strato de ozono, multes ex iste radiationes non penetra nostre atmosphera inferior.

Ma nunc iste strato es in periculo. Elementos chimic procedente de nostre casas, fabricas, villages, e citates nunc reduce le quantitate de ozono que insula le biosphera de nostre planeta de iste radios periculose.

Nostre atmosphera ha unes 700 kilometros de profunditate. De su componentes, 75% es nitrogeno, e 23% es le oxygeno que nos necessita pro respirar. Le ozono, un isotopo de oxygeno, se crea quando le radiation ultraviolette del sol cade a in nostre atmosphera. Illo forma un strato in le stratosphera que absorbe multes del radios ultraviolette solar, le quales, ultra un certe puncto, pote producer effectos nocive in multe plantas e animales, includente nos.

Le interaction conjuncte inter le radios ultraviolette, le ozono, le oxygeno, e altere elementos chimic es multo complexe, ben que in conditiones normal iste interaction resta in un stato de equilibrio.

Ma nunc nostre strato de ozono es menaciate per substantias chimic que nos utilisa, principalmente le chlorofluorocarbonos (CFCs). Le CFCs se mantene active in le atmosphera pro un periodo de plus que 100 (cento) annos, movente se lentemente e discomponente se in altere gases que destrue le ozono del stratosphera ante que processos regenerative pote reimplaciar lo. Il ha anque altere gases que contribue a iste processo de decomposition, ma lor influentia es multo minus importante que illo del ozono.

Le CFCs veni de diverse fontes. Primo il ha le aerosoles que nos usa pro deodorantes, insecticidas, e liquido pro pictura. Le CFCs anque se usa pro fabricar alicun tipos de spuma synthetic empleate como material de imballage. Le CFCs forma bullas in iste spuma e escappa al atmosphera quando illo se combure. On anque usa CFCs in apparatos de refrigeration, specialmente illos usate in automobiles in climas calide.

Ma le gases que menacia le strato de ozono anque veni de altere fontes. Le fabricas que produce le aerosoles anque libera CFCs durante lor operationes de production.

Inter le elementos chimic que damnifica le strato de ozono es le tetrachlorido de carbon, usate pro fabricar CFCs, que anque se vende in alicun paises como un agente solvente, ben que in multe altere paises on prohibeva su uso proque il ha evidentia que illo causa le cancere del ficato.

Le halones, que se usa in varie extinctores de focos; le metichloroformo, usate como dissolvente; e le trichloroethano, usate in liquidos corrector, anque contribue al destruction del ozono.

Le diparition del ozono Antarctic:

In Antarctica in certe partes del anno, le nivellos de ozono quasi completemente disappare usque le puncto de constituer un cavo. Iste area es tan grande como le America del nord e tan profunde, o alte, como le monte Everest.

Studios scientific ha demonstrate que le nivellos de ozono in le atmosphera antarctic varia de anno in anno. Ma on anque ha observate que le cavo in le annos recente se ha augmentate abnormalmente. On ha capturate specimenes del gases in iste cavo que contine abundante quantitates del gases que destrue le ozono e que es, al minus in grande parte, responsibile pro le production de iste cavo.

Si le strata de ozono disappare, que pote occurer?

Le strato de ozono absorbe un grande quantitate del periculose radiation ultraviolette. Si un major quantitate de iste radiation passa trans iste strato, illo causara un incremento in le taxa de cancere del pele e cataractas, un del causas le plus frequente del cecitate. Le augmento de iste radiation anque habera un influentia sur omne le vita de nostre planeta, e il habera periculo pro nostre recoltas e altere plantas e pro nostre arbores.

Isto significa que le base del rete de alimentation mundial essera menaciate. In le mar, si le plancton marine (formate per plantas e animales microscopic) disappare, le pisces le plus grande morira de fame, e le vita del mar se extinguera e con illo un fonte primordial de ressources de alimentation pro nostre population human.

Que pote nos facer pro evitar iste calamitate?

Il non es necesse riscar le destruction del strato de ozono. Il ha altere gases que on pote usar pro aerosoles e le spumas synthetic usate in materias insulante e simile materias pro imballage. Multe personas nunc se demanda si iste spumas es necesse proque le major parte de illos es solmente decorative, e nos poterea eliminar iste application de illos e trovar altere manieras de decoration.

In septembre, 1987, diverse paises signava le "Protocolo de Montreal". Le nationes que approbava iste pacto promitteva reducer per 50% le production de CFCs in un periodo de 10 annos.

Ma il nunc ha devenite clar que le problema del debilitation del strato de ozono es multo plus grave que on habeva estimate. Pro assecurar le superviventia de iste strato, multe scientistas nos assecura que il essera necesse eliminar completemente le uso de CFCs. Le scientia anque ha discoperite altere agentes chimic que debilita le strata de ozono, e in le futuro il anque essera necesse eliminar los omnes si nos vole evitar unes cambios grandissime in le systema ecologic del terra que occidera multe formas de vita sur nostre planeta.

---

The Ozone Layer

Our sun does not produce only light and heat but also forms of radiation that are damaging for the life on our planet. Thanks to the ozone layer, much of this radiation does not penetrate our lower atmosphere.

But now this layer is in danger. Chemical elements coming from our houses, factories, villages, and cities are now reducing the amount of ozone that insulates the biosphere of our planet from these dangerous rays.

Our atmosphere is about 700 kilometers deep. Of its components, 75% (seventy five percent) is nitrogen, and 23% (twenty-three percent) is the oxygen that we need to breathe. Ozone, an isotope of oxygen, is created when ultraviolet radiation from the sun falls into our atmosphere. It forms a layer in the atmosphere that absorbs much of the solar ultraviolet rays, which, beyond a cetain point, can produce damaging effects in many plants and animals, including us.

The joint interaction among ultraviolet rays, ozone, oxygen, and other chemical elements is very complex, though in normal conditions this interaction remains in a state of equilibrium.

But now our ozone layer is menaced/threatened by chemical substances that we use, principally chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs remain active in the atmosphere for a period of more than 100 (one hundred) years, moving slowly and decomposing into other gases that destroy the ozone in the stratosphere before regenerative processes can replace it. There are also other gases that contribute to this process of decomposition, but their influence is much less important than that of ozone.

CFCs come from several sources. First there are aerosols that we use for deodorants, insecticides, and liquid for painting. CFCs are also used to make some types of synthetic foam used for packing material. CFCs form bubbles in this foam and escape into the atmosphere when it is burned. CFCs are also used in refrigeration, especially automobile air-conditioning units.

But the gases that menace/threaten the ozone layer also come from other sources. Factories that produce aerosols also release CFCs during their production operations.

Among the chemical elements that damage the ozone layer is carbon tetrachloride used to make CFCs, which is also sold in some countries as a solvent, though in many other countries its use is forbidden because there is evidence that it causes liver cancer.

Halons, which are used in various fire extinguishers; metichloroform, used as a solvent; and trichloroethane, used in correction fluids, also contribute to the destruction of ozone.

The Disappearance of Antarctic Ozone:

In Antarctica in certain parts of the year, the levels of ozone almost completely disappear to the point of constituting a hole. This area is as large as North America and as deep, or high, as Mount Everest.

Scientific studies have demonstrated that the ozone levels in the Antarctic atmosphere vary from year to year. But observers have also noticed that the hole in recent years has has grown abnormally. Investigators have captured samples of the gases in this hole that contain a large amount of the gases that destroy ozone and that are, at least to a great extent, responsible for the production of this hole.

If the ozone layer disappears, what can happen?

The ozone layer absorbs a large amount of dangerous ultraviolet radiation. If a larger amount of this radiation goes through this layer, it will cause an increase in the rate of skin cancer and cataracts, one of the most frequent causes of blindness. The increase in this radiation also will have an influence on all life on our planet, and our crops, other plants, and trees will be endangered.

This means that the foundation of our world food network will be endangered. In the sea, if marine plancton (made up of microscopic plants and animals) disappears, larger fish will starve to death, and sea life will die off and with it the most fundamental nutritional resources of our human population.

What can we do to avoid this calamity?

It is not necessary to risk the destruction of the ozone layer. There are other gases that can be used for aerosols and the synthetic foam used in insulating materials and similar materials used in packaging. Many people are now wondering whether these foams are necessary because most of them are only decorative, and we can eliminate this use for them and find other ways of decorating.

In September, 1987 (nineteen eighty-seven), several countries signed the Montreal Protocol. The nations that approved this pact promised to reduce CFC production by 50% (fifty percent) in a period of ten years.

But it has now become clear that the problem of our weakening ozone layer is much more extensive than had been estimated. To assure the survival of this layer, many scientists assure us that it will be necessary to completely eliminate the use of CFCs. Science has also discovered other chemical agents that weaken the ozone layer, and in the future it will also be necessary to eliminate all of them if we want to avoid some really big changes in the earth's ecological system that will (kill [off])/(exterminate) many forms of life on our planet.

No comments: