Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Breve historia del Brasil, Parte 4


(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)


Le marchese de Pombal:

In le secunde medietate de iste seculo le marchese de Pombal, le prime ministro de José I de Portugal, un administrator capabile e energetic, inaugurava diverse reformas social, administrative, e religiose in le colonia. A causa de lor fracasso economic e administrative, multe donatários del 15 capitanias perdeva a Pombal le pauc derectos que illes habeva potite preservar.

Le sud del Brasil habeva disveloppate un crescente importantia economic, e Pombal moveva le capital del pais de Baía a Rio de Janeiro pro rationes logistic. Ille anque expelleva le jesuitas, opponite per altere sectores del societate brasilian, a causa de lor protection del indios e de lor activitates commercial.

Le importantia del agricultura (ligno brasil, sucro, bestial bovin, tabaco, café, e coton) in le vita economic del Brasil:

Le vita economic del Brasil initialmente se basava sur le exploitation del ligno brasil. Le portugeses usava le indios local pro cortar iste ligno e transportar lo usque le Atlantico. Ma le indios les resisteva fortemente.

Postea le production del sucro de canna deveniva le plus importante activitate economic. Le production de sucro tamen requireva labor multo plus intensive que le production del ligno, e le indios resisteva iste labor tan tenacemente que le portugeses tosto debeva importar sclavos african pro facer lo.

Con le tempore, le tabaco e le cultivo de bestial bovin deveniva activitates con crescente importantia economic. Iste duo activitates anque requireva terra, que le proprietarios de iste interprisas incontrava al west del terrenos occupate con le production de sucro, que remaneva le activitate economic le plus importante durante le major parte del epocha colonial.

Como consequentia del grande investimentos in terra e in machinas requerite pro le production de sucro, omne iste industria se concentrava in le manos de un numero de familias reducite. Le café e le coton, producite primo per parve proprietarios, contribueva substantialmente al exportationes brasilian del seculo XVIII.

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In the second half of this century the Marquis of Pombal, the prime minister of José I of Portugal, a capable and energetic administrator, inaugurated several social, administrative, and religious reforms in the colony. Because of their economic and administrative failure, many donatários of the fifteen capitanias had to cede to Pombal the few rights that they had been able to preserve.

The south of Brazil had increased its economic importance, and Pombal moved the capital of the country from Baía to Rio de Janeiro for logistic reasons. He also expelled the Jesuits against opposition by other sectors of Brazilian society because of their protection of the Indians and their commercial activities.

The Importance of Agriculture (Brazil Wood, Sugar, Cattle, Tobacco, coffee and Cotton) in the Economic Life of Brazil:

The economic life of Brazil at first was based on the exploitation of Brazil wood. The Portuguese used the local Indians to cut this wood and transport it to the Atlantic. But the Indians resisted them strongly.

Afterwards, the production of sugar cane became the most important economic activity. Sugar production, however, was much more labor intensive than the production of Brazil wood, and the Indians resisted this work so tenaciously that the Portuguese soon had to import African slaves to do it.

In time, tobacco and cattle raising gained greater economic importance. These two activities also required land, which the owners of these enterprises found to the west of the territory used in sugar production, which remained the most important economic activity during most of the colonial era.

As a consequence of the large investments in land and in machinery required for the production of sugar, all this industry became concentrated in the hands of a rather small number of families. Coffee and cotton, produced at first by small proprietors, contributed substantially to the exportations from Brazil during the Eighteenth Century.

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