Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Breve historia del Brasil, Parte 10


(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)


Vargas e le Statos Unite:

Vargas anque appoiava le Statos Unite durante le Secunde Guerra Mundial, interveniente in le conflicto post 1942. Ille inviava truppas a Italia e permitteva que le Statos Unite usava unes bases naval brasilian.

Gratias a iste appoio, le Statos Unite esseva ben disponite a firmar con le Brasil diverse accordos pro adjuvar su disveloppamento economic, specialmente in le establimento del planta siderurgic Volta Redonda, le base del posterior Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (Compania Siderurgic National).

Post le fin del Secunde Guerra Mundial e le vincimento del Socialismo National e del Fascismo, le brasilianos anque voleva restaurar le democracia a lor proprie pais, e un gruppo de militares faceva dimitter se a Vargas in 1945.

In 1946 le governamento brasilian reformava le constitution national e permitteva le participation active del partitos politic in le gerentia del governamento national, ma sectores politic conservator timeva le partito communiste, cuje membros in electiones libere habeva devenite le governatores de unes statos brasilian. Iste suppression del communistas assecurava le appoio del Statos Unite durante le Guerra Frigide, que habeva comenciate in ille annos durante le administration statounitese de Harry S. Truman.

In 1950 Vargas ganiava un secunde victoria in le electiones presidential, e in 1951 ille reoccupava le presidentia brasilian in despecto del opinion disfavorabile del sector militar que le habeva obligate a dimitter se cinque annos antea.

Inter 1951 e 1954 su popularitate le protegeva de attaccos de su adversarios, ma le poter plus circumscribite de su nove administration non le permitteva luctar contra nove problemas economic que affligeva le Brasil.

Vargas comenciava un nove programma pro accelerar le taxa de disinvolvimento industrial del Brasil, e ille debeva mantener un precari equilibrio inter duo sectores politic, le prime que voleva un participation national plus grande in le industria e le secunde que voleva fortificar le sectores private national e estranier.

A iste tempore emergeva un movimento favorabile al nationalisation de ressources natural que culminava in 1953 con le creation de un compania national de petroleo, Petrobrás. Le popularitate politic de Vargas tunc se debilitava a causa de un scandalo de corruption que involveva su guardia personal. In augusto, 1954, Vargas esseva obligate a dimitter, e le die sequente ille se suicidava.

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Vargas and the United States:

Vargas also supported the United States during the Second World War, intervening in the conflict after 1942. He sent troops to Italy and let the United States use some Brazilian naval bases.

Because of this help, the United States was well disposed to signing several agreements with Brazil to aid its economic development, especially in the establishment of its Volta Redonda steel plant, the core of the Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (National Steel Company) established soon afterward.

After the end of the Second World War and the defeat of National Socialism and Fascism, the Brazilians also wanted to restore democracy to their own country, and a group of military officers forced Vargas to resign in 1945.

In 1946 the Brazilian government reformed its national constitution and allowed the active participation of political parties in the management of the national government, but politically conservative sectors were afraid of the communist party, whose members in free elections had become the governors of some of the states of Brazil. This suppression of the communists assured the support of the United States during the Cold War, which had started in those years during the Truman administration in the United States.

In 1950 Vargas won a second victory in Brazil's presidential elections, and in 1951 he once again occupied the Brazilian presidency despite unfavorable opinion in the military sector, which had forced him to resign five years earlier.

Between 1951 and 1954 his popularity protected him from the attacks of his opponents, but the more circumscribed power of his new administration did not allow him to fight against the new economic problems afflicting Brazil.

Vargas started a new program to accelerate the rate of industrial development in Brazil, and he had to maintain a precarious balance between two political sectors, the first wanting greater national participation in industry and the second wanting to fortify the national and foreign private sectors.

This period saw the emergence of a movement favorable to the nationalization of natural resources which culminated in 1953 with the creation of a national petroleum company, Petrobrás. Vargas's political popularity was then weakened because of a corruption scandal involving his personal bodyguards. In August, 1954, Vargas was obliged to resign, and the next day he committed suicide.

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